Photographic print glazing machine



2 Sheets-Sheet l G.PA.[IYE

PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINT GLAZING MACHINE Filed Jan; 16, 1929 Sept. 6, 1932.

Sept. 6, 1932. G. M DYE K k1,876,046

PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINT GLAZING MACHINE Filed Jan. 16, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 6, 1932 STATES rarer ortica GLEN M. DYE, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINT GLAZING MACHINE .Application filed January 16, 1929. Serial No. 332,871.v

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for glazing photographic or similar prints. One method of glazing in the prior art has been that known as ferro-typing. In this method the wet print was laid face down on a smooth or polished plate of iron usually covered with a thin coat of japan enamel and the printV pressed down on the plate with a squeegee roller or machine. The plate was carefully washed and then coated with some ferro-typing liquid, such as paraiiin wax dissolved in benzine, certain vcommercial automobile polishes or a solution of castile soap. The print was allowed to dry on the plate and in some instances the print would come of of the plate rather readily, but in most instances the same would have to be peeled ofi1 of the plate with a flat edged instrument.

It is an object of this invention to provide a method and apparatus for glazing prints in which a moving solid surface is used formed of a particular material capable of taking a high polish and resisting the action of photographic liquids, the print being pressed against said surface and the surface heated, the print dropping from the surface when dry and no particular ferro-typing liquid being used.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a glazing apparatus comprising a drum having a metallic: exterior highly polished surface with means for pressing the print against said surface and revolving said drum, together with means for heating said drum and surface.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a glazingapparatus comprising a rigid member against which the prints are placed with their emulsion side contacting the same. said member having a polished surface of chromium.

t is a further object of the invention to provide a glazing apparatus comprising a revoluble drum having its exterior of chromium and having` a highly7 polished surface, said drum being supported upon rollers and another roller being provided for engaging said drum and rotating the same, .said roller also acting to press the Wet prints against the surface of said drum with their emulsion sides in contact with said drum.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully set forth in the` following description made in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views, and in Which:-

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken on line 60 1-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a partial plan view of the device;

Fig. 4 is a partial vertical section similar 65 to Fig. 1 shown on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modification; and

Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5 as indicated by the arrow, and

Fig. 7 is a partial view in side elevation.

Fig. 8 is a partial view similar to Fig. l

,shownj on an enlarged scale.

Referring to the drawings, a machine is shown comprising a frame of general rectangular form including the vertical members 10 disposed at the corners of a rectangle, and while'these members may bemade of any suitable` material. in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, they are shown as made of angle bars. The members 10 are connected at their top by horizontal members 11 and adjacent their bottoms by the horizontal members 12, both of which are also illustrated as made of angle bars. Brackets 13 are secured to the members 12 and have secured therein studs orl stub shafts 14 on which are journaled -small rollers 15. A

drum 16 rests upon the rollers 15 at its edge 0 portions. Said drum is also engaged at its edges above the central portion thereof by rollers 17 journaled on studs 18, which studs are respectively mounted in arms 19 pivoted by pivots or bolts 20 to vertical members 10. 95

Coil springs 21 are provided, each having one of its ends secured to one ofthe arms 19 intermediate the ends of said arm and having its other' end secured to an adjustable bolt 22a, secured in a bracket attached to and pro- ,100

jecting from one of theverticalmembers 10.

The drum 16 resting on rollers 15, and urged n to the right as shown in Fig. 1 by the rollers 17 thus rests against the yielding roller 23 made of rubber or similar material, said roller 23 extending across and engaging the surface of the drum throughout the length thereof, said roller being carried on a shaft 24 journaled in bearings secured to a bar 25, which bar extends between a pair of the vertical members 10. Said shaft 24 has secured adjacent one end thereofa worm wheel gear 26 with which meshes worm gear 27 mounted in a casing 28 secured to bar 25, said worm being mounted on a shaft 29 journaled at one end in the casing 28 and at its other end in a bracket 30 secured to one of the vertical members 10. One end of shaft 24 is journaled'in casing 28 and its other end is journaled in a bearing 24a secured to' one of the bars 25. Said shaft has at its end a grooved pulley 31 over which runs a belt32 running over and driven by a pulley 33 mounted upon the armature shaft of a motor' 34 secured to a plate 35, which is in turn secured to one of the horizontal members 11 and another horizontal angle bar 36 extending between members 11. Y

A pad orI Wiper member 37 rests on drum l16 at the lupper portion thereof and at one side of the center, said member 37 being made of felt or some similar fabricand secured to slightly spaced slats 38 extending across the same lengthwise of the drum, said slats being connected by flexible means such as asmall chain 39, the ends of which are connected to a rod 40 extending across the top of the drum and secured in the members 11.

The drum 16 comprises a plurality of circumfer'entially extending ribs 16a, four of the same being shown, said ribs having slightly spaced ends into one of which is threaded a screw 16?), which screw abuts the other end of said rib and has a head of polygonal yshape having holes 160 in the sides thereof adapted to receive an instrument for turning said screw. Transversely extending bars 16d extendvacross the inner ribs and have inwardly turned ends 16e provided with elongated slots 16f having their long axes extending radially. The bars 16d also havel elongated slots 16g intermediate their ends, aligned with the ribs 16a and screws 16hl extend through slots 16g into ribs 16a thus securing said ribs and bars 16d together. Angle clips 16e' are secured to the outer ribs 16a by screws 16p passing throughslots in said clips, said clips having inwardly extending ends fastening the upturned ends 16e and also. having elongated radially extending slot-S163' therein. A sheet 167i:` of galvanized iron or other suitable metal overlies ribs 16a and extends aboutthe same, the ends thereof being slightly. spaced, said sheet being secured to ribs 16a. A thin sheet 16m surrounds sheet 16/c, said sheet 16m having over- Vturned ends of clips 1671 at one end of said drum, being secured by headed and nutted bolts 16p. An annular plate 16g is similarly held at the other end of the drum by similar ybolts 16p, one'end of the drum thus being closed and the other end being open.;

A gas pipe 41 extends through the open end of the drum, having a plurality of burner nipples 41a thereon, `said pipe extending downward at one end of the drum and being equipped with the usual shut-off valve 42 and air regulating means 43. Plates 44 of thin sheet metal extend between the vertical members 10 at each end of the drum, pipe 41 passing through one of these plates and the other plate-having a hole 44a therethrough, a cover 45 being kpivoted to said plate adj acent one side of the hole and adapted to normally close the same. A tray 46 is disposed beneath one side of the drum, being supported on members 12.

In operation, the motor 34 will be driven, thus driving the gear 26 and the roller 23. Drum 16 tends to swing toward roller 23 by gravity, pivoting about its line of support on roller 15 and is further urged toward roller 23 by the springs 21 which press rollers 17 against the drum. Rotation of yielding roller 23 rotates drum 16 on the rollers 15 and against rollers 17. as they come from the washing bath or liquid are placed against the polished chromium surface of the drum 16 above roller 23 with their emulsion sides against the drum. The prints 48 move downward with the drum and between the same and the yielding roller 23. The excess water or moisture is thus squeezed from the prints and they are pressed tightly against the drum in flat condition. The prints adhere to the chromium surface and said surface is not materially affected by any hypo or developing liquid which might be in solution on the prints. The prints while moist remain on the drum without being engaged by any holding means and without any over-lying fabric.y The drum lis heated by the gas burners 41a and as the prints move around on the drum they become dry and as they move upward on the side of the drum opposite roller 23 they fall or snap off of the drum and drop into tray 46. When the print is placed into Contact with the drum the contact is so intimate that a partial voeuuni is formed under the prints or the saine are held on by air pressure. The separation The wet prints 48 f of the print-s fromthe drum is caused largely by the drying and contracting of the emulsion layer of the prints. lt has been found that with the polished chromium surface no glazing or ferro-typing liquid is necessary to lubricate the surface nor is it necessary to remove the prints from the drum. As the drum moves around after the 'prints leave the same, it. passes `under the wiper 37, which removes any lint or dust which may have collected on the drum during its revolution so that a. clean surface is presented to receive the prints above roller 28. ln some cases the pad or wiper 37 may be moistened with water, al.- though `this is not always done. The chromiummaintains a highpoli'sh and no polishing of the drum is necessary in the operation. Chromium is very hard and compact or dense, or in other words, of exceedingly ne grain and a very smooth and compact surface isV formed. rlhe chromium resists any corrosive action due to the contact of the prints therewith and a very smooth and polished surface is maintained on the drum. rlhe prints dropping olf of the drum possess avery high gloss finish, which is the object sought by the invention.` 'y

'ln Figs 5 to 7 a somewhat different structure of machine is shown forcarrying out the glazing method. This machine comprises vertical members 50 arranged Vat the corners of a rectangle and which in the embodiment of the invention illustrated are shown as made of angle bars. The bars 50 are connected at their tops by horizontal bars 51 and other horizontal. bars 52 extend between members 50 adjacentthe bottoms thereof, bars 51 and 52 also being made of angle bars. A plate 53 is mounted on the top of bars 52.v Bearing brackets 5A are secured to plate 53 and the bars 52, which bearings have secured therein studs or stub shafts 55 on which are journaled rollers 56 similar to the rollers 15. A drum 57 rests on the rollers 56, said rollers, like rollers 15 being narrow and only supporting the drum adjacent its edges. rllhe drum 57 comprises a pair of spaced rings 57a having their ends spaced a short distance, a bolt 58 being threaded into one of said ends and having a collar 58a bearing against the other of said ends, said collar 58a, like head 160, having holes therein by which it may be turned to adjust said bolt. A thin shell of chromium or chromium plated metal 576 snrrounds rings 57a, said sheet having over-lapping ends secured togetherl by row of rivets 59. The shell 57 may also be secured to the rings57a by small circumferentially spaced pins 57 c extending through shell 57 a and into rings 576. A rigid metal roller 60 is disposed within drum 57 and between rings 57 a, its periphery bearing against the inner side of shell 576, said roller having t-runnions 60a projecting from its ends and carried Vin bea-ring blocks 61 slidable respectively on horizontal angle bars 62 extending between bars 50. Said blocks are respectively secured to bars 62 by having headed and nutted bolts 63 extending therethrough and through elongated slots 62a in said bars. Said blocks are engaged at one end by compression coil springs 64 which at theirother ends engage a hea-d 65a of a screw 65 threaded into anangle bracket 66, said screw being equipped with lock nuts at each side of said angle bracket. The springs 64 press roller 60 against the inside of shell 576. A yielding roller 67 of rub ber or similar material extends across the outer side of shell 576, the same being secured to a shaft 68 journaled at one end in a bracket 69 secured to bar V62 and at its other end in a worm and worm wheel casing 70. Said shaft has secured thereto a worm wheel 71 housed in casing 70 and meshing with' a worm gear 72. The worm gear 72 is secured to a'shaft 7 8 journaled at one endin casing 70 and at its other end in a bearing74 secured Ato bar 62, saidV shaft having secured to its end at the outer side ofthe vertical members 50 a grooved` pulley 75 overwhich runs abelt 76.` The belt 76 also runs over a smallerl pulley 77 secured Vto the armature shaft of a motor 78 bolted to ar plate 79 mounted on angle bars 80 extending between the top` angle barsv 51. A pair of plates 81 are vsecured to vertical'members 50 and extend therebetween across the ends of the drum 57, said plates having slots 81a therein through which trunnions 60a pass.

A gas pipe 82 extends through one of the plates 81 into kthe drum as shown in Fig. 2, said pipe havingburner nipples v82a thereon, @ne of the plates 81 has an opening 816 therethrough adapted to be closed by a cover plate 88 swingably connected to'plate 81 by a rivet 8&1. A tray 85 is supported on plate 53 be- 'i neath one side of the drum 57. A wiper pad 86 similar to pad 37 extends across the top of the drum at one side thereof', the same having spaced slats 87 secured thereto and extending thereacross lengthwise of the drum, said slats 'r having secured thereto a flexible member such as a chain 88, said chain and pad being connected to a rod 89 extending between the top bars 51. Y

, ln operationthe motor 78 will be driven, thus driving shafts`73 and 67 .and roller 68. This roller bears against the drum 57 and shell 576 passes between this roller and the surface of the rigid roller 60. Considerable friction is had on said shell between said rollers and said shell is rotated by roller 67, the

same rotating on rollers 56. The gas burners 82a will be lighted so that drum 57 will be heated. The freshly washed and wet prints are placed against the surface of drum 57 above roller 67 and below wiper 86. The exterior surface of drum 57 is highly polished and as stated, is of chromium. Theprints pass downward between rollers 67 and drum 57, the excess water-being squeezed from said :prints and the same being pressed flat into irmengagement with the surface of drum 57. The Wet or moist prints which are shownl prints dropping onto'tray 85 have a very high gloss or glaze thereon. As above stated, the wiper 86 cleansthe drum of anylint or dust which might collect thereon so that a perfectly clean surface is had for. the reception of the wet prints; Wiper or pad 86 may, if desired, bemoistened with Water.

y From the above description it is seen that applicant has provided an extremely simple and efficient apparatus for glazing photographic and similar prints and has provided a simple process for so glazing the prints. .Extensive experiments have shown that with fthe apparatus disclosed a glazing or ferrotyping solution is not needed to place a thin film on the drum, and it is not necessary to lubricate the drum with any such solution. While it is possible that othermetals might be found to furnish a suitable surface for the drum, chromium has been found, after much experiment-ation, to be the most suitable material. maintains its smooth and polished surface and is not affected by the prints being pressed thereagainst and with the use of chromium as stated the ferro-typing solution or glazing solution can bedispensed with. VIn applicants experiments no other metal has been found with whichthis can be done. The

. manipulation of the prints and apparatus is very simple and as above stated, the prints without departing from the scope of applicants invention, which, generally stated, consists Ain a device capable of carrying out the objects abovestated, such as shown and de scribed and defined in the appended claims,

l/Vhat is claimed is 1.A print glazing apparatus having in combination, a frame, a drum having a smooth polishedperipheral surface, means at the bottom of said drum carried on said frame for supporting the drum causing it As above stated, this metaly 2. A print glazing apparatus having in.

combination, a drum having a smooth polished peripheral surface, rollers at the ends of said drum at the bottom and one side of the center thereof, and a yielding roller engaging one side of said drum above the center thereof and toward which the drum swings on said iirst mentioned rollers and means for rotating said last mentioned roller to rotate said drum. Y l

3. The structure set forth in claimv 2, and a pair of rollers at the ends respectively of said drum, above the center thereof and at the side of the center opposite that engaged by said yielding roller. v

4. The structure set forth in claim 2, a pair 'f of rollers at the ends respectively of said drum, above the center thereof and at the side of the center opposite that engaged by said yielding roller and means'urging said last mentioned rollers against the drum whereby` they press the same toward said yielding roller.

5. A druin for a print glazing machine comprising a plurality of spaced circumferentially extending members having spaced and adjustable ends, a thin sheet of metal extending about said last mentioned members and having over-lapped ends, and means securing said ends together whereby a substantially smooth cylindrical surface is formed.

6. A print glazing machine having in combination, a drum having a smooth polished exterior surface, means at the bottom of said drum for supporting the same, a driven yielding roller engaging the drum at one `side and the exterior thereof and means yieldingly pressing on the exterior of said drum in a direction toward said roller, saidk roller acting to rotate said drum by contact therewith and to press a photographic print against said drum with the emulsion side of said print engaging said drum. Y

7. A print glazing machine having in combination, a drum having a smooth polished exterior surface, means at the bottom of said drum for supporting the same, a driven yielding roller engaging the drum at one side, a second roller engaging the drum and resilient means pressing said second roller i in a direction toward said first mentioned roller and causing pressure of said drum against said first mentioned roller, the flatter acting to rotate said drum by .contact therewith and to press a photographic print against said drum with the emulsion side of said print engaging said drum.

8. A print glazing machine having in combination, a drum having a smooth polished exterior surface, means at the bottom of said drum for supporting the same, a driven yielding roller engaging the exterior surface of said drum at one side thereof and alongV a line well above the center of said drum, a Second roller engaging said drum at substantially the same height, yielding means pressing said second roller in a direction toward said Vfirst mentioned roller, said first mentioned roller acting to rotate said drum by contact therewith and to press a photographic print against said drum with the emulsion side of said print in engagement with said drum.

9. A print glazing and drying machine having in combination, a drum having a smooth polished exterior surface, means on which said drum rests by gravity for supporting the same about which it normally fulcrums for bodily movement and a yielding means extending across said surface above the center of said drum and engaging the same by gravity pressure for pressing a print against said drum, one of said means being positively driven to rotate said drum.

l0. A print glazing and drying machine having in combination, a drum having a Y smooth polished exterior surface, a roller means on which said drum rests by gravity for supporting the same and about which said drum may fulcrum to move bodily, a roller means extending across and engaging said surface adjacent the top of said drum by gravity pressure and for pressing a print against said surface and means for driving one of said roller means to cause rotation of said drum.

ll. A print glazing apparatus having in combination, a frame, a drum having a smooth polished peripheral surface, means supporting said drum for rotation, a driven yielding roller engaging said drum for rotating the same by contact therewith for pressing a photographic print against said drum, a shaft carrying said roller, and bearings for said shaft supported in fixed relation on said frame, the axes of said shaft and drum being substantially in fixed relation.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

GLEN M. DYE. 

